Hemorrhoids

Learn about hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids, also called piles, are swollen and inflamed veins that develop in the anus and lower rectum. Hemorrhoids may result from straining during a bowel movement or from the increased pressure on these veins during pregnancy, among other causes. Hemorrhoids are one of the most common ailments: near half of all adults have had to deal with them by age 50.

Hemorrhoids can be external or internal. Internal hemorrhoids develop inside the rectum whereas external hemorrhoids form under the skin around the anus. Either can cause a range of unpleasant symptoms: bleeding during bowel movements, itching, irritation, pain, protrusions on the skin surface, swelling, and leakage of feces.

Treatment

Fortunately, many effective options are available to treat hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoid sufferers can usually obtain relief with over-the-counter remedies and a healthy lifestyle. Popular hemorrhoids cures include witch hazel, hydrocortisone, and Preparation H.

If these don't do the trick within a week or so, then a doctor-prescribed hemorrhoids treatment might be required.

If a blood clot has formed within an external hemorrhoid, a doctor can easily remove the clot with an incision and deliver prompt relief.

For those with persistent bleeding or painful hemorrhoids, a doctor may recommend one of several other procedures:

  • Rubber band ligation. The doctor places one or two tiny rubber bands around the base of an internal hemorrhoid to cut off its circulation. The hemorrhoid withers and falls off after a few days.
  • Sclerotherapy. The doctor injects a chemical solution into the hemorrhoid tissue to shrink it.
  • Coagulation. A laser or infrared beam is aimed at the hemorrhoid and causes it to shrivel.
  • Hemorrhoidectomy. A surgeon surgically removes excessive tissue that causes bleeding.
  • Stapling. This procedure blocks blood flow to hemorrhoidal tissue.

Prevention

The best way to not become part of the 50% afflicted by hemorrhoids is to guard your physical health. Eat high-fiber foods (and better still, fiber supplements), drink plenty of fluids, exercise regularly, and avoid long periods of standing or sitting. Also, relieve yourself as soon as you get the urge; holding back bowel movements for too long places excess strain on the anus and can cause irritation.